DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2999087
Terbit pada 1 Juni 2020 Pada IEEE Access

A Versatile Out-of-Band Software-Defined Networking Solution for the Internet of Things

L. Mamatas T. Theodorou

Abstrak

The Internet of Things (IoT) is gradually incorporating multiple environmental, people, or industrial monitoring deployments with diverse communication and application requirements. The main routing protocols used in the IoT, such as the IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPL), are focusing on the many-to-one communication of resource-constraint devices over wireless multi-hop topologies, i.e., due to their legacy of the Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). The Software-Defined Networking (SDN) paradigm appeared as a promising approach to implement alternative routing control strategies, enriching the set of IoT applications that can be delivered, by enabling global protocol strategies and programmability of the network environment. However, SDN can be associated with significant network control overhead. In this paper, we propose VERO-SDN, an open-source SDN solution for the IoT, bringing the following novelties in contrast to the related works: (i) programmable routing control with reduced control overhead through inherent protocol support of a long-range control channel; and (ii) a modular SDN controller and an OpenFlow-like protocol improving the quality of communication in a wide range of IoT scenarios through supporting two alternative topology discovery and two flow establishment mechanisms. We carried out simulations with various topologies, network sizes and high-volume transmissions with alternative communication patterns. Our results verified the robust performance and reduced control overhead of VERO-SDN for alternative IoT deployments, e.g., achieved up to 47% reduction in network’s overall end-to-end delay time compared to RPL and a packet delivery ratio of over 99.5%.

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The Internet of Things (IoT) brings new potentials in humans’ everyday life activities through enabling applications with stringent communication demands, including mobile IoT applications. State-of-the-art routing protocols for the IoT, such as IPv6 routing protocol for low-power and lossy networks (RPL), have not been originally designed for such challenging applications. Recent proposals blend the software-defined networking (SDN) paradigm with IoT, enabling better-informed and bespoke routing control, matching the application requirements. In this article, we propose SD-MIoT, an open-source SDN solution for mobile IoT environments that consists of a modular SDN controller and an OpenFlow-like protocol. SD-MIoT detects passively in real-time, the network’s mobile nodes through mobility detector (MODE), an intelligent algorithm that utilizes the connectivity graph of the SDN controller. It incorporates novel mobility-aware topology discovery mechanisms, routing policies, and flow-rule establishment methods, all of them balancing control overhead with routing robustness, according to nodes’ mobility behavior detected by MODE. We provide extensive evaluation results over two realistic scenarios, further confirming the suitability of SD-MIoT for mobile IoT environments and demonstrating reliable operation in terms of successful data packet delivery with low control overhead.